.xn--qxam TLD DNSSEC Outage: 2022-11-06 to 2022-11-07

Date: November 6, 2022

Overview

This page gives some details on the .xn--qxam (Greek IDN) TLD DNSSEC outage from November 6 to November 7, 2022.

Timeline / DNSViz

2022-11-06 08:32:50 UTC — No DNSSEC records
2022-11-06 08:34:57 UTC — No DNSSEC records
2022-11-06 18:49:40 UTC — No DNSSEC records
2022-11-07 10:03:58 UTC — last personally observed xn--qxam DNSSEC failure

I've also included a screenshot, given DNSViz's propensity to lose its archives. November 6, 2022 DNSSEC outage for .xn--qxam

DNSSEC Debugger

Here's a screenshot of my web browser's output from November 6, 2022:

November 6, 2022 .xn--qxam TLD DNSSEC outage

Google DNS: with and without DNSSEC

DNSSEC can be disabled in queries via the CD (checking disabled) bit. Let's compare DNS queries with and without DNSSEC.

$ dig +dnssec ns xn--qxam. @8.8.8.8.

; <<>> dig 9.10.8-P1 <<>> +dnssec ns xn--qxam. @8.8.8.8.
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 34180
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags: do; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;xn--qxam. IN NS

;; Query time: 218 msec
;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8)
;; WHEN: Sun Nov 06 08:31:54 UTC 2022
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 37

You have to disable DNSSEC to make DNS queries work:

$ dig +cd ns xn--qxam. @8.8.8.8.

; <<>> dig 9.10.8-P1 <<>> +cd ns xn--qxam. @8.8.8.8.
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 25819
;; flags: qr rd ra cd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;xn--qxam. IN NS

;; ANSWER SECTION:
xn--qxam. 10800 IN NS gr-c.ics.forth.gr.
xn--qxam. 10800 IN NS gr-d.ics.forth.gr.
xn--qxam. 10800 IN NS estia.ics.forth.gr.
xn--qxam. 10800 IN NS gr-at.ics.forth.gr.
xn--qxam. 10800 IN NS grdns.ics.forth.gr.

;; Query time: 153 msec
;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8)
;; WHEN: Sun Nov 06 08:31:54 UTC 2022
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 147

drill trace

Since DNSSEC contains so much garbage, I put the complete drill trace into its own file, with the relevant portion below (emphasis added):

;; Domain: xn--qxam.
;; No DNSKEY record found for xn--qxam.
[B] Error verifying denial of existence for xn--qxam. type A: No keys with the keytag and algorithm from the RRSIG found
;;[S] self sig OK; [B] bogus; [T] trusted; [U] unsigned

Logfile examples

These Unbound log entries come from different Unbound instances, each on different servers in different geographical regions.

[1667723509] unbound[15807:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 194.0.1.25 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667723613] unbound[15807:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 78.104.145.227 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667723653] unbound[25581:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 194.0.1.25 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667723743] unbound[25581:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 139.91.1.1 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667723848] unbound[15807:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 194.0.11.102 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667723949] unbound[15807:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 139.91.1.1 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667815163] unbound[15807:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 139.91.191.3 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667815278] unbound[25581:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 194.0.11.102 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667815356] unbound[25581:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 139.91.1.1 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667815418] unbound[25581:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 139.91.191.3 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust
[1667815438] unbound[15807:0] info: validation failure <xn--qxam. NS IN>: No DNSKEY record from 194.0.1.25 for key xn--qxam. while building chain of trust